The A1/A2 ß-casein genotype of cows, but not their horn status, influences peptide generation during simulated digestion of milk.

The effect of the horn status of cows on their milk composition and quality is a controversial research topic. In this study, 128 milk samples from 64 horned and 64 disbudded Brown Swiss and Original Braunvieh cows were collected from alpine farms where both horned and disbudded cows were grazing on mountain pastures. The samples were analyzed for their detailed composition and protein digestion in a simulated in vitro digestion (INFOGEST). To exclude probable influences on digestion, the ß-casein genotype with its variants A1 and A2 was also included in the study. The effects of horn status and ß-casein genotype were investigated in linear mixed models, which included additional influencing random factors such as Original Braunvieh blood proportion, stage of lactation, and farm. Horn status did not have any effect on milk composition or digestion. In contrast, milk from A1A1 cows showed a different protein digestion than milk of A1A2 and A2A2 cows in the gastric phase, including smaller amounts of ß-casomorphin(BCM)21-associated peptides and larger amounts of BCM11-associated peptides. Abundances of BCM7 did not differ between ß-casein genotypes. At the end of the intestinal phase, the digested milk of A1A1 and A2A2 b-casein genotypes did not differ.

Lesión de los cuerpos cavernosos por arma de fuego. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Corpora cavernosa lesion by gunshot. Case study and literature review

La rotura de los cuerpos cavernosos es una lesión de muy baja incidencia. La causa más frecuente es un traumatismo durante el coito. Aún más excepcional es la producida por arma de fuego, en la que lo más habitual es la lesión concomitante de otras estructuras. Mostramos el caso de un paciente que presentó lesión de los cuerpos cavernosos por arma de fuego y se le realizó una exploración quirúrgica de urgencia. Se revisa la literatura existente y se comprueba que, siempre que haya una herida genital por arma de fuego, lo primero que se debe hacer es estabilizar al paciente y lo segundo, una exploración quirúrgica de la región afectada (AU)

Rupture of the corpora cavernosa is a very rare lesion. It occurs most commonly during intercourse. A far more exceptional cause is a gunshot wound; in this case, there are frequently concomitant lesions to other structures. We present the case of a man who suffered a lesion to the corpora cavernosa due to a gunshot and underwent emergency surgery. We reviewed existing literature and verified that the first step in managing a genital gunshot wound is to stabilise the patient, following which we should surgically explore the affected area (AU)

Corpora cavernosa lesion by gunshot. Case study and literature review.

Rupture of the corpora cavernosa is a very rare lesion. It occurs most commonly during intercourse. A far more exceptional cause is a gunshot wound; in this case, there are frequently concomitant lesions to other structures. We present the case of a man who suffered a lesion to the corpora cavernosa due to a gunshot and underwent emergency surgery. We reviewed existing literature and verified that the first step in managing a genital gunshot wound is to stabilise the patient, following which we should surgically explore the affected area.

[Leukemic infiltration of the urinary bladder. A new case and literature review]. / Infiltración vesical por leucemia linfoblástica aguda. A propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

We expose you one case of leukemic infiltration of the urinary bladder. This kind of infiltration is rare so we reviewed the literature finding 14 cases since 1932. Although this hematological infiltration is very unusual, it should be considered in patients with leukemia and hematuria.

Infiltración vesical por leucemia linfoblástica aguda. A propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Leukemic infiltration of the urinary bladder. A new case and literature review

Exponemos el caso de un paciente con infiltración vesical por Leucemia Aguda Linfoblástica. Debido a lo infrecuente de su presentación, revisamos la literatura publicada hasta el momento encontrando14 casos desde 1932. Aunque excepcional, en un paciente que presenta hematuria de novo o repetida y ha tenido como antecedentes alguna enfermedad hematológica, debemos pensar en la infiltración vesical por la leucemia como posible diagnóstico diferencial (AU)

We expose you one case of leukemic infiltration of the urinary bladder. This kind of infiltration is rare so we reviewed the literature finding 14 cases since 1932. Although this hematological infiltration is very unusual, it should be considered in patients with leukemia and hematuria (AU)

Fatal Pancreatic Necrosis after Pregnancy-Associated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a systemic disease characterised by the presence of microvascular thrombi resulting from endothelial injury and platelet activation. Vascular occlusion leads to the clinical manifestations of ischaemicorgan damage, microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Pancreatitis has rarely been described in association with TTP and has not been reported with TTP in pregnancy. We describe a case of pancreatic necrosis due to TTP which presented in the third trimester of pregnancy and we review the literature relating to this rare complication.

Sepsis postcesarea

Se realizó un estudio analítico-retrospectivo de tipo caso-control en 71 paciente cesareadas con complicaciones sépticas durante el 1998, atendidas en el Hospital Provincial Docente Ginecoobstétrico "Mariana Grajales" de Santa Clara, Villa Clara, con el objetivo de identificar los factores que influyeron en las sepsis. Como grupo control se tomaron cesareadas con evolución normal en igual número. Fueron estudiadas diferentes variables: factores de riesgo, localización de la sepsis, asociación entre los factores de riesgo y localización de la sepsis, momento de realización de la operación y costo. Se encontró un índice de cesárea de 21,7 por ciento y una tasa de incidencia de la sepsis de un 5 por ciento. El índice de sepsis poscesárea mostró tendencia a disminuir en los últimos años. La forma clínica que predominó fue la sepsis de la herida quirúrgica con 53,5 por ciento. Los factores de riesgo estudiados no mostraron relación estadística significativa con la sepsis. El costo económico por cada paciente con esta complicación séptica fue de 625.19 pesos

Hematopoietic cell transplantation using plasma and DMSO without HES, with non-programmed freezing by immersion in a methanol bath: results in 213 cases.

A simplified cryopreservation method for bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) was utilized in hematopoietic cell transplantation of 213 patients with hematological or solid neoplasms after ablative chemotherapy (187 with peripheral blood progenitor cells and 26 with bone marrow). Cells were cryopreserved, after addition of autologous fresh plasma with DMSO, without HES, by freezing to -80 degrees C in a methanol bath and non-programmed freezer. For the patients autotransplanted with PBPC, the median period necessary for recovery of more than 0.5 x 10(9)/l granulocytes was 11 days (range 6-44), and 15 (8-204) days were required to obtain more than 20 x 10(9)/l platelets. For the patients autotransplanted with BM, the median period necessary to recover >0.5 x 10(9)/l granulocytes was 12 days (range 9-33), and 24 (12-57) days to obtain more than 20 x 10(9)/l platelets. These results support this method as being very effective in achieving high-quality cryopreservation. The procedure, which uses a non-programmed freezer, simplifies and reduces enormously the cost of the technical measures currently in use, enabling its adoption in almost any clinical oncological institution.

Isolation and characterization of proteinase- and aminopeptidase-deficient mutants of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei IFPL 731.

Proteinase-deficient (Prt-) and aminopeptidase-deficient (Amp-) variants of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei IFPL 731 were isolated and characterized. The Prt- mutant was isolated from strains that developed poorly on glucose milk agar. The Amp- mutant was isolated on the basis of its inability to hydrolyse L-leucine-beta-naphtylamide. The Prt- variant developed poorly, while in milk the Amp- variant grew at about the same rate as the parental strain. The characterization of aminopeptidase activity in more detail showed that at least two enzymes are involved The results of the present study suggest that the proteolytic system of Lactobacillus casei is subjected to a regulatory system.

Purification and characterization of a dipeptidase from Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei IFPL 731 isolated from goat cheese made from raw milk.

A dipeptidase was purified to homogeneity from the cell-free extract of Lactobacillus casei ssp. casei IFPL 731 by a combination of heat treatment, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. A purification factor of 395-fold was obtained, and yield was 20%. The dipeptidase was shown to be a metal-dependent enzyme; optimal activity was at pH 7.5 and 60 to 75 degrees C, and the enzyme had a high degree of thermal stability. Molecular mass was estimated by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration to be 46 kDa, which suggested that the enzyme existed as a monomer. Enzyme activity was most effectively inhibited by metal-chelating agents, reducing agents, or sulfhydryl group reagents. After inhibition with phenanthroline, activity was partially restored by Co2+ and Mn2+. The kinetics of Phe-Ala and Leu-Leu did not follow Michaelis-Menten saturation kinetics but exhibited a mixture of positive and negative cooperativity for the successive binding of molecules of the same substrate.

Purification and characterization of a prolidase from Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei IFPL 731.

A peptidase showing a high level of specificity towards dipeptides of the X-Pro type was purified to homogeneity from the cell extract of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei IFPL 731. The enzyme was a monomer having a molecular mass of 41 kDa. The pH and temperature optima were 6.5 to 7.5 and 55 degrees C, respectively. Metal chelating agents completely inhibited enzyme activity, indicating that the prolidase was a metalloenzyme. The Michaelis constant (K(m)) and Vmax for several proline-containing dipeptides were determined.

Haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation with a combination of CD34 selection and T cell depletion as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis in a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency.

Severe combined immunodeficiencies are a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by a profound impairment in both cellular and humoral immune functions. This disorder is rapidly fatal without bone marrow transplantation. Unfortunately, most children lack a histocompatible donor. The development of T cell depletion allows for haploidentical transplantation with reduced risk of GVHD. In the present article, we discuss the case of a child diagnosed with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency for whom haploidentical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was performed by selecting CD34-positive cells followed by depletion of T cells. Both selection and purging were performed using immunoselection by the biotin-avidin system (CEPRATE System). The CD34-enriched T cell-depleted product contained 5.05 x 10(6)/kg CD34+ cells with only 0.01 [corrected] x 10(6)/kg CD3+ cells, achieving a T cell depletion of 4.2 log.